AndroidQ：上传图片java.io.FileNotFoundException:openfailed:EACCES(Permissiondenied)qq27454233的博客-

从相册选择图片上传，框架使用的是Rx + Retrofit + OKHttp。因为此版本使用了MVVM架构，targetSdkVersion升到了29。在上传图片出现了报错

java.io.FileNotFoundException: /storage/emulated/0/DCIM/Camera/IMG20200608195140.jpg: open failed: EACCES (Permission denied)

原因是在android10开始，Google修改了文件相关权限，对于写入和读取文件，都有了新的一套机制，介绍内容网上很多，各大厂商也有介绍，在此不做赘述。

此解决方法适用于能获取到文件的Uri，比如打开相册选择图片，那么它的onActivityResult中的Intent data就有选择的图片的Uri。

打开图库的方法不变：

     /**      * 选择照片      */     public static void pickPhoto(Activity activity) {         Intent intent;         if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {             intent = new Intent(                     Intent.ACTION_PICK,                     MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI);         } else {             intent = new Intent(                     Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);             intent.setType("image/*");         }         activity.startActivityForResult(intent, 2001);     }

和onActivityResult回调：

     @Override     protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {         super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);         if (data == null) {             return;         }         if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {             switch (requestCode) {                 case 2001:                     Uri originalUri = data.getData();                      String path = UriUtil.getPath(this, originalUri);                     if (path != null && new File(path).exists()) {                          File mFile = new File(path);                         viewModel.updateImg(mFile);                     }                     break;             }         }     }

先附上Android10之前我的图片上传

 //从上文中获取了文件 public static List<MultipartBody.Part> getFileBody(File file) {         MultipartBody.Builder builder = new MultipartBody.Builder()                 .setType(MultipartBody.FORM);//表单类型         RequestBody body = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("multipart/form-data"), file);//表单类型         builder.addFormDataPart("file", file.getName(), body);         return builder.build().parts(); }    //Retrofit Api 接口     /**      * 文件上传      */ @Multipart @POST("xxxx") Observable<ObjResponse<ShowImageTypeData>> updateFile(@Part List<MultipartBody.Part>     partLis);    //调用接口 public Observable<ShowImageTypeData> updateImg(File file) {     return api.updateFile(getFileBody(file))             .compose(new ObjTransform<>(null)); }

大同小异，主要就是获取文件File类型实例，然后构建RequestBody，使用Retrofit上传

Android Q不行了，会报错，那么主要就是使用到file的地方要修改，先看看RequestBody.create还能带什么参数：

 public abstract class RequestBody {   /** Returns the Content-Type header for this body. */   public abstract MediaType contentType();    /**    * Returns the number of bytes that will be written to {@code out} in a call to {@link #writeTo},    * or -1 if that count is unknown.    */   public long contentLength() throws IOException {     return -1;   }    /** Writes the content of this request to {@code out}. */   public abstract void writeTo(BufferedSink sink) throws IOException;    /**    * Returns a new request body that transmits {@code content}. If {@code contentType} is non-null    * and lacks a charset, this will use UTF-8.    */   public static RequestBody create(MediaType contentType, String content) {     Charset charset = Util.UTF_8;     if (contentType != null) {       charset = contentType.charset();       if (charset == null) {         charset = Util.UTF_8;         contentType = MediaType.parse(contentType + "; charset=utf-8");       }     }     byte[] bytes = content.getBytes(charset);     return create(contentType, bytes);   }    /** Returns a new request body that transmits {@code content}. */   public static RequestBody create(final MediaType contentType, final ByteString content) {     return new RequestBody() {       @Override public MediaType contentType() {         return contentType;       }        @Override public long contentLength() throws IOException {         return content.size();       }        @Override public void writeTo(BufferedSink sink) throws IOException {         sink.write(content);       }     };   }    /** Returns a new request body that transmits {@code content}. */   public static RequestBody create(final MediaType contentType, final byte[] content) {     return create(contentType, content, 0, content.length);   }    /** Returns a new request body that transmits {@code content}. */   public static RequestBody create(final MediaType contentType, final byte[] content,       final int offset, final int byteCount) {     if (content == null) throw new NullPointerException("content == null");     Util.checkOffsetAndCount(content.length, offset, byteCount);     return new RequestBody() {       @Override public MediaType contentType() {         return contentType;       }        @Override public long contentLength() {         return byteCount;       }        @Override public void writeTo(BufferedSink sink) throws IOException {         sink.write(content, offset, byteCount);       }     };   }    /** Returns a new request body that transmits the content of {@code file}. */   public static RequestBody create(final MediaType contentType, final File file) {     if (file == null) throw new NullPointerException("content == null");      return new RequestBody() {       @Override public MediaType contentType() {         return contentType;       }        @Override public long contentLength() {         return file.length();       }        @Override public void writeTo(BufferedSink sink) throws IOException {         Source source = null;         try {           source = Okio.source(file);           sink.writeAll(source);         } finally {           Util.closeQuietly(source);         }       }     };   } }

从上文可以看出除了一个file。其他大部分都是使用RequestBody create(final MediaType contentType, final byte[] content, final int offset, final int byteCount)  那么我们也尝试使用byte[]作为上传参数，现在就需要把文件转为byte[]。

直接上代码，从onActivityResult开始：

     @Override     protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {         super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);         if (data == null) {             return;         }         if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {             switch (requestCode) {                 case 2001:                     Uri originalUri = data.getData();                     try {                         ParcelFileDescriptor parcelFileDescriptor = getContentResolver().openFileDescriptor(originalUri, "r");                         FileDescriptor fileDescriptor = parcelFileDescriptor.getFileDescriptor();                         FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(fileDescriptor);                         ByteArrayOutputStream swapStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();                         byte[] buff = new byte[1024*4]; //buff用于存放循环读取的临时数据                         int rc = 0;                         while ((rc = fis.read(buff, 0, 100)) > 0) {                             swapStream.write(buff, 0, rc);                         }                         byte[] in_b = swapStream.toByteArray(); //in_b为转换之后的结果                         viewModel.updateImg(in_b);                     } catch (IOException e) {                         e.printStackTrace();                     }                     break;             }         }     }

因为我分了好几个文件，包括这些代码也只是暂时写在onActivityResult里，你们只需要看，获取到关键数据后怎么做，然后自己组装一下，应该容易的。在获取到byte[]后，使用byte[]构建RequestBody：

{

   底下那个“androidImg”是错的，这个是设置文件名称，假如说你填写了这个的话，那么就无法识别文件类型，后台存储的是一个无类型的文件，你再下载的话无法打开，只用图片上传以及使用Glide框架显示的，没这个问题，给Glide点个赞！

 public static List<MultipartBody.Part> getFileBody(byte[] file) {         MultipartBody.Builder builder = new MultipartBody.Builder()                 .setType(MultipartBody.FORM);//表单类型         RequestBody body = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("multipart/form-data"), file);//表单类型         builder.addFormDataPart("file", "androidImg", body);         return builder.build().parts();     }

}

重新把构建List<MultipartBody.Part>方法改一下，增加一个文件名，这个文件名称只需要最后有个后缀就行了，前面带文件路径也没关系，这是PostMan调用文件上传接口时的数据：

 POST /api/file-application/upload HTTP/1.1 Host: 192.168.16.36:8079 Authorization: Bearer xxxx cache-control: no-cache Postman-Token: 2ff47803-aadb-4aeb-90d4-cfe342cbf78e Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW  Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="C:UsersxxDesktopQQ截图20190301164159.png   ------WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW--   说明一下，这个filename="xxx" 这个xxx就是刚刚填写的androidImg

那么文件名获取，也是使用Uri获取文件名：

     /**      * 获取对应uri的path      *      * @param context      * @param uri      * @return      */     @SuppressLint("NewApi")     public static String getPath(final Context context, final Uri uri) {          final boolean isKitKat = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 19;          // DocumentProvider         if (isKitKat && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {             // ExternalStorageProvider             if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {                 final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);                 final String[] split = docId.split(":");                 final String type = split[0];                  if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {                     return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];                 }                  // handle non-primary volumes             }             // DownloadsProvider             else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {                  final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);                 final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(                         Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.parseLong(id));                  return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);             }             // MediaProvider             else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {                 final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);                 final String[] split = docId.split(":");                 final String type = split[0];                  Uri contentUri = null;                 if ("image".equals(type)) {                     contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;                 } else if ("video".equals(type)) {                     contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;                 } else if ("audio".equals(type)) {                     contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;                 }                  final String selection = "_id=?";                 final String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{                         split[1]                 };                  return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);             }         }         // MediaStore (and general)         else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {              // Return the remote address             if (isGooglePhotosUri(uri))                 return uri.getLastPathSegment();              return getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null);         }         // File         else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {             return uri.getPath();         }          return null;     }

那么再来构建List<MultipartBody.Part>：

 public static List<MultipartBody.Part> getFileBody(byte[] file, String fileName) {         MultipartBody.Builder builder = new MultipartBody.Builder()                 .setType(MultipartBody.FORM);//表单类型         RequestBody body = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("multipart/form-data"), file);//表单类型          builder.addFormDataPart("file", fileName, body);         return builder.build().parts();     }

把上面获取到的文件路径传入这个方法中，之后使用Retrofit上没有差别因为接口传入参数类型没变

 api.updateFile(AppUtils.getFileBody(file, fileName))                 .compose(new ObjTransform<>(null));

附上失败和成功的log：

使用file传文件

 --> POST https://192.168.16.36:8079/xxxxx http/1.1 Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=36717d28-648b-44b2-a904-07b23fa5fdb8 Content-Length: 115873 Cache-Control: no-cache Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzUxMiJ9xxxxxx Host: 192.168.16.36:8079 Connection: Keep-Alive Accept-Encoding: gzip User-Agent: okhttp/3.6.0 --> END POST <-- HTTP FAILED: java.io.FileNotFoundException: /storage/emulated/0/tieba/FCF10754FF8F4014D623FF8F8B937C1D.jpg: open failed: EACCES (Permission denied)

使用byte[]传文件：

 --> POST https://192.168.16.36:8079/xxxxx http/1.1 Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=36717d28-648b-44b2-a904-07b23fa5fdb8 Content-Length: 115873 Cache-Control: no-cache Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzUxMiJ9xxxxxx Host: 192.168.16.36:8079 Connection: Keep-Alive Accept-Encoding: gzip User-Agent: okhttp/3.6.0 --> END POST  <-- 200  https://192.168.16.36:8079/xxxxx (213ms) Server: nginx/1.11.6 Date: Wed, 10 Jun 2020 03:38:10 GMT Content-Type: application/json Transfer-Encoding: chunked Connection: keep-alive <-- END HTTP  {"code":1,"subCode":null,"message":"成功","data":xxxxx}

数据返回正常

之后应该会再写一个使用相册拍照的功能。