播放音乐,我们需要在AndroidManifest.xml文件添加权限 创建Service,需要在AndroidManifest.xml文件配置 现在我们创建了一个叫做MusicService的Service,它是继承Service类的 话不多说,先看看效果图 布局文件: Activity部分代码: activity和MusicService部分,它们有内部类ActivityReceiver,MyReceiver继承自BroadcastReceiver,接收和发送来自各自的消息,用来互相通信 MusicService部分有一个定时器,用来定时计算音乐播放进度,并发送消息给activity activity里有一个Handler来接收MusicService的定时器发送过来的消息,并在前台设置进度显示 他们返回的都是一个整型整数
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<service android:name=".MusicService" android:enabled="true" android:exported="true"></service>


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"> <TextView android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/songName" android:text="打击乐器" android:textSize="15sp" android:layout_marginTop="5dp"/> <ImageView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:src="@mipmap/img" android:id="@+id/Image" android:layout_gravity="center" /> <!--显示歌曲状态--> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="" android:id="@+id/MusicStatus"/> <RelativeLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center" android:layout_margin="5dp" android:gravity="center_horizontal"> <!--显示当前进度--> <TextView android:id="@+id/MusicTime" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="00:00" /> <SeekBar android:layout_width="230sp" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/MusicSeekBar" android:layout_weight="1" android:max="100" android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/MusicTime"/> <!--显示总进度--> <TextView android:id="@+id/MusicTotal" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="00:16" android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/MusicSeekBar"/> </RelativeLayout> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginTop="15dp" android:gravity="center_horizontal" android:orientation="horizontal"> <Button android:id="@+id/BtnPrev" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginRight="15dp" android:background="@drawable/shape" android:text="PREV" android:textAllCaps="false" android:textColor="@color/colorWhite" /> <Button android:id="@+id/BtnPlayorStop" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:background="@drawable/shape" android:layout_marginRight="15dp" android:text="PLAY" android:textAllCaps="false" android:textColor="@color/colorWhite" /> <Button android:id="@+id/BtnNext" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:background="@drawable/shape" android:text="NEXT" android:textAllCaps="false" android:textColor="@color/colorWhite" /> </LinearLayout> </LinearLayout>
package com.example.ch8; import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.content.BroadcastReceiver; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.IntentFilter; import android.media.MediaPlayer; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.Handler; import android.os.Message; import android.text.Editable; import android.text.TextWatcher; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.SeekBar; import android.widget.TextView; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Date; import java.util.Locale; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener{ //定义音乐播放状态,0x10代表上一首,0x11代表没有播放或暂停,0x12代表正在播放,0x13代表下一首,0x15表示暂停 int status = 0x11; static long mediaPlayerDuration = 1L; static int sum=0; //三个按钮 Button prve,playorpause,next; static SeekBar seekBar; //歌曲名 static TextView songname,starttime,endtime; ActivityReceiver mActivityReceiver; String[] name=new String[]{"打击乐器","康加舞","蓝调小号","手拍鼓"}; public static final String CTL_ACTION = "com.trampcr.action.CTL_ACTION"; public static final String UPDATE_ACTION = "com.trampcr.action.UPDATE_ACTION"; //运用Handler中的handleMessage方法接收service传递的音乐播放进度信息 public static Handler handler = new Handler(new Handler.Callback() { @Override public boolean handleMessage(Message msg) { // super.handleMessage(msg); // 将SeekBar位置设置到当前播放位置, // msg.arg1是service传过来的音乐播放进度信息,将其设置为进度条进度 seekBar.setProgress(msg.arg1/((int)(mediaPlayerDuration*10))); //将进度时间其转为mm:ss时间格式 starttime.setText(new SimpleDateFormat("mm:ss", Locale.getDefault()).format(new Date(msg.arg1))); return false; } }); @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); songname=findViewById(R.id.songName); starttime=findViewById(R.id.MusicTime); endtime=findViewById(R.id.MusicTotal); prve=findViewById(R.id.BtnPrev); playorpause=findViewById(R.id.BtnPlayorStop); next=findViewById(R.id.BtnNext); seekBar=findViewById(R.id.MusicSeekBar); prve.setOnClickListener(this); playorpause.setOnClickListener(this); next.setOnClickListener(this); mActivityReceiver = new ActivityReceiver(); //创建IntentFilter IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(); //指定BroadcastReceiver监听的Action filter.addAction(UPDATE_ACTION); //注册BroadcastReceiver registerReceiver(mActivityReceiver, filter); Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, MusicService.class); //启动后台Service startService(intent); Log.i("1","启动服务"); } //接收service的消息 public class ActivityReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver { @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { //获取Intent中的update消息,update代表播放状态 int update = intent.getIntExtra("update", -1); //获取Intent中的current消息,current代表当前正在播放的歌曲 int current = intent.getIntExtra("current", -1); int pro=intent.getIntExtra("process",-1); mediaPlayerDuration=intent.getLongExtra("endtime",-1); seekBar.setProgress(pro); String time=null; if(mediaPlayerDuration<10){ time="0"+mediaPlayerDuration; } else { time=""+mediaPlayerDuration; } songname.setText(name[current]); switch (update){ case 0x11: playorpause.setText("PLAY"); endtime.setText("00:"+time); status = 0x11; break; //控制系统进入播放状态 case 0x12: //在播放状态下设置使用暂停图标 playorpause.setText("PAUSE"); endtime.setText("00:"+time); status = 0x12; break; case 0x15: playorpause.setText("PLAY"); endtime.setText("00:"+time); status = 0x15; break; } } } @Override public void onClick(View v) { Intent intent = new Intent(CTL_ACTION); Log.i("1","发送消息"); switch (v.getId()){ case R.id.BtnPrev: intent.putExtra("control", 1); break; case R.id.BtnPlayorStop: if(status==0x11||status==0x15){ intent.putExtra("control", 2); } else if(status==0x12){ intent.putExtra("control", 3); } break; case R.id.BtnNext: intent.putExtra("control", 4); break; } //发送广播,将被Service中的BroadcastReceiver接收到 sendBroadcast(intent); } } MusicService部分代码:
package com.example.ch8; import android.app.Service; import android.content.BroadcastReceiver; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.IntentFilter; import android.content.res.AssetFileDescriptor; import android.content.res.AssetManager; import android.media.MediaPlayer; import android.media.MediaPlayer.OnCompletionListener; import android.os.Handler; import android.os.IBinder; import android.os.Message; import android.util.Log; import java.util.Timer; import java.util.TimerTask; public class MusicService extends Service{ long mediaPlayerDuration = 0L; MyReceiver serviceReceiver; AssetManager am; int[] musics1=new int[]{R.raw.music1,R.raw.music2,R.raw.music3,R.raw.music4}; static MediaPlayer mPlayer; //定义音乐播放状态,0x10代表上一首,0x11代表没有播放,0x12代表正在播放,0x13代表下一首,0x15表示暂停 int status = 0x11; //记录当前正在播放的音乐 static int current = 0; @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return null; } @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); Log.i("1","服务创建"); am = getAssets(); //创建BroadcastReceiver serviceReceiver =new MyReceiver(); //创建IntentFilter IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(); filter.addAction(MainActivity.CTL_ACTION); registerReceiver(serviceReceiver, filter); //创建MediaPlayer mPlayer = new MediaPlayer(); } private void prepareAndPlay(int mus) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub try { mPlayer=MediaPlayer.create(this,mus); //为MediaPlayer播放完成事件绑定监听器 mPlayer.setOnCompletionListener(new OnCompletionListener() { @Override public void onCompletion(MediaPlayer mp) { //Log.d("tag", "播放完毕"); current++; status=0x12; if(current >=4){ current = 0; } //准备并播放音乐 prepareAndPlay(musics1[current]); mediaPlayerDuration=mPlayer.getDuration()/1000; //发送广播通知Activity更改文本框 Intent sendIntent = new Intent(MainActivity.UPDATE_ACTION); sendIntent.putExtra("update", status); sendIntent.putExtra("current", current); sendIntent.putExtra("endtime",mediaPlayerDuration); //发送广播,将被Activity组件中的BroadcastReceiver接收到 sendBroadcast(sendIntent); } }); //播放 mPlayer.start(); //每隔500毫秒发送音乐进度 Timer timer = new Timer(); timer.schedule(new TimerTask() { @Override public void run() { //实例化一个Message对象 Message msg = Message.obtain(); //Message对象的arg1参数携带音乐当前播放进度信息,类型是int msg.arg1 = mPlayer.getCurrentPosition(); //使用MainActivity中的handler发送信息 MainActivity.handler.sendMessage(msg); } }, 0, 500); } catch (Exception e) { // TODO: handle exception } } public class MyReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{ @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { int control = intent.getIntExtra("control", -1); switch (control) { case 1: //上一首 if(mPlayer.isPlaying()){ mPlayer.stop(); } int t=mPlayer.getCurrentPosition(); Log.i("11",""+t); if(t>2000) current--; if(current <0){ current = 3; } prepareAndPlay(musics1[current]); mediaPlayerDuration=mPlayer.getDuration()/1000; status = 0x12; break; case 2: //原来处于没有播放状态 if(status == 0x11||!mPlayer.isPlaying()){ prepareAndPlay(musics1[current]); mediaPlayerDuration=mPlayer.getDuration()/1000; status = 0x12; } else if(status==0x15){ mPlayer.start(); status = 0x12; } break; case 3: //正在播放 if(status == 0x12){ //暂停播放 mPlayer.pause(); mediaPlayerDuration=mPlayer.getDuration()/1000; status=0x15; } break; case 4: //下一首 if(mPlayer.isPlaying()){ mPlayer.stop(); } current++; Log.i("1",current+""); if(current >=4){ current = 0; } prepareAndPlay(musics1[current]); mediaPlayerDuration=mPlayer.getDuration()/1000; status = 0x12; break; } //广播通知Activity更改图标,文本框 Intent sendIntent = new Intent(MainActivity.UPDATE_ACTION); sendIntent.putExtra("update", status); sendIntent.putExtra("current", current); sendIntent.putExtra("endtime",mediaPlayerDuration); //发送广播,将被Activity组件中的BroadcastReceiver接收到 sendBroadcast(sendIntent); } } //获取播放进度 private long getCurrentPosition(){ if(mPlayer.isPlaying()){ return mPlayer.getCurrentPosition(); } return 0; } } mPlayer.getCurrentPosition();是获取播放实时进度的方法
mPlayer.getDuration()是获取音乐文件总时长
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